and there are some among them who say: our lord! grant us good in this world and good in the hereafter, and save us from the chastisement of the fire (201)		وِمِنْهُم مَّن يَقُولُ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ ﴿201﴾
they shall have (their) portion of what they have earned, and allah is swift in reckoning (202)		أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا كَسَبُواْ وَاللّهُ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ ﴿202﴾
and laud allah during the numbered days; then whoever hastens off in two days, there is no blame on him, and whoever remains behind, there is no blame on him, (this is) for him who guards (against evil), and be careful (of your duty) to allah, and know that you shall be gathered together to him (203)		وَاذْكُرُواْ اللّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَّعْدُودَاتٍ فَمَن تَعَجَّلَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ فَلاَ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَمَن تَأَخَّرَ فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ لِمَنِ اتَّقَى وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ ﴿203﴾
and among men is he whose speech about the life of this world causes you to wonder, and he calls on allah to witness as to what is in his heart, yet he is the most violent of adversaries (204)		وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَن يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَيُشْهِدُ اللّهَ عَلَى مَا فِي قَلْبِهِ وَهُوَ أَلَدُّ الْخِصَامِ ﴿204﴾
and when he turn,s back, he runs along in the land that he may cause mischief in it and destroy the tilth and the stock, and allah does not love mischief-making (205)		وَإِذَا تَوَلَّى سَعَى فِي الأَرْضِ لِيُفْسِدَ فِيِهَا وَيُهْلِكَ الْحَرْثَ وَالنَّسْلَ وَاللّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ الفَسَادَ ﴿205﴾
and when it is said to him, guard against (the punish ment of) allah; pride carries him off to sin, therefore hell is sufficient for him; and certainly it is an evil resting place (206)		وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُ اتَّقِ اللّهَ أَخَذَتْهُ الْعِزَّةُ بِالإِثْمِ فَحَسْبُهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَبِئْسَ الْمِهَادُ ﴿206﴾
and among men is he who sells himself to seek the pleasure of allah; and allah is affectionate to the servants (207)		وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَن يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاء مَرْضَاتِ اللّهِ وَاللّهُ رَؤُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ ﴿207﴾
o you who believe! enter into submission one and all and do not follow the footsteps of shaitan; surely he is your open enemy (208)		يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ ادْخُلُواْ فِي السِّلْمِ كَآفَّةً وَلاَ تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ ﴿208﴾
but if you slip after clear arguments have come to you, then know that allah is mighty, wise (209)		فَإِن زَلَلْتُمْ مِّن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ ﴿209﴾
they do not wait aught but that allah should come to them in the shadows of the clouds along with the angels, and the matter has (already) been decided; and (all) matters are returned to allah (210)		هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ أَن يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللّهُ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِّنَ الْغَمَامِ وَالْمَلآئِكَةُ وَقُضِيَ الأَمْرُ وَإِلَى اللّهِ تُرْجَعُ الأمُورُ ﴿210﴾
ask the israelites how many a clear sign have we given them; and whoever changes the favor of allah after it has come to him, then surely allah is severe in requiting (evil) (211)		سَلْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَمْ آتَيْنَاهُم مِّنْ آيَةٍ بَيِّنَةٍ وَمَن يُبَدِّلْ نِعْمَةَ اللّهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءتْهُ فَإِنَّ اللّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ ﴿211﴾
the life of this world is made to seem fair to those who disbelieve, and they mock those who believe, and those who guard (against evil) shall be above them on the day of resurrection; and allah gives means of subsistence to whom he pleases without measure (212)		زُيِّنَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا وَيَسْخَرُونَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ وَالَّذِينَ اتَّقَواْ فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَاللّهُ يَرْزُقُ مَن يَشَاء بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ﴿212﴾
(all) people are a single nation; so allah raised prophets as bearers of good news and as warners, and he revealed with them the book with truth, that it might judge between people in that in which they differed; and none but the very people who were given it differed about it after clear arguments had come to them, revolting among themselves; so allah has guided by his will those who believe to the truth about which they differed and allah guides whom he pleases to the right path (213)		كَانَ النَّاسُ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَبَعَثَ اللّهُ النَّبِيِّينَ مُبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنذِرِينَ وَأَنزَلَ مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِيمَا اخْتَلَفُواْ فِيهِ وَمَا اخْتَلَفَ فِيهِ إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوهُ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ بَغْيًا بَيْنَهُمْ فَهَدَى اللّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ لِمَا اخْتَلَفُواْ فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِهِ وَاللّهُ يَهْدِي مَن يَشَاء إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ ﴿213﴾
or do you think that you would enter the garden while yet the state of those who have passed away before you has not come upon you; distress and affliction befell them and they were shaken violently, so that the messenger and those who believed with him said: when will the help of allah come? now surely the help of allah is nigh! (214)		أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَن تَدْخُلُواْ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَأْتِكُم مَّثَلُ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْاْ مِن قَبْلِكُم مَّسَّتْهُمُ الْبَأْسَاء وَالضَّرَّاء وَزُلْزِلُواْ حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّسُولُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ مَعَهُ مَتَى نَصْرُ اللّهِ أَلا إِنَّ نَصْرَ اللّهِ قَرِيبٌ ﴿214﴾
they ask you as to what they should spend. say: whatever wealth you spend, it is for the parents and the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, and whatever good you do, allah surely knows it (215)		يَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ قُلْ مَا أَنفَقْتُم مِّنْ خَيْرٍ فَلِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالأَقْرَبِينَ وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَا تَفْعَلُواْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ ﴿215﴾
fighting is enjoined on you, and it is an object of dislike to you; and it may be that you dislike a thing while it is good for you, and it may be that you love a thing while it is evil for you, and allah knows, while you do not know (216)		كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ كُرْهٌ لَّكُمْ وَعَسَى أَن تَكْرَهُواْ شَيْئًا وَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَعَسَى أَن تُحِبُّواْ شَيْئًا وَهُوَ شَرٌّ لَّكُمْ وَاللّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿216﴾
they ask you concerning the sacred month about fighting in it. say: fighting in it is a grave matter, and hindering (men) from allah's way and denying him, and (hindering men from) the sacred mosque and turning its people out of it, are still graver with allah, and persecution is graver than slaughter; and they will not cease fighting with you until they turn you back from your religion, if they can; and whoever of you turns back from his religion, then he dies while an unbeliever-- these it is whose works shall go for nothing in this world and the hereafter, and they are the inmates of the fire; therein they shall abide (217)		يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ قِتَالٍ فِيهِ قُلْ قِتَالٌ فِيهِ كَبِيرٌ وَصَدٌّ عَن سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَكُفْرٌ بِهِ وَالْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَإِخْرَاجُ أَهْلِهِ مِنْهُ أَكْبَرُ عِندَ اللّهِ وَالْفِتْنَةُ أَكْبَرُ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ وَلاَ يَزَالُونَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ حَتَّىَ يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَن دِينِكُمْ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعُواْ وَمَن يَرْتَدِدْ مِنكُمْ عَن دِينِهِ فَيَمُتْ وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ فَأُوْلَئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ وَأُوْلَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ ﴿217﴾
surely those who believed and those who fled (their home) and strove hard in the way of allah these hope for the mercy of allah and allah is forgiving, merciful (218)		إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ وَجَاهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ أُوْلَئِكَ يَرْجُونَ رَحْمَتَ اللّهِ وَاللّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ﴿218﴾
they ask you about intoxicants and games of chance. say: in both of them there is a great sin and means of profit for men, and their sin is greater than their profit. and they ask you as to what they should spend. say: what you can spare. thus does allah make clear to you the communications, that you may ponder (219)		يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ قُلْ فِيهِمَا إِثْمٌ كَبِيرٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَإِثْمُهُمَآ أَكْبَرُ مِن نَّفْعِهِمَا وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ كَذَلِكَ يُبيِّنُ اللّهُ لَكُمُ الآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ ﴿219﴾
on this world and the hereafter. and they ask you concerning the orphans say: to set right for them (their affairs) is good, and if you become co-partners with them, they are your brethren; and allah knows the mischief-maker and the pacemaker, and if allah had pleased, he would certainly have caused you to fall into a difficulty; surely allah is mighty, wise (220)		فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْيَتَامَى قُلْ إِصْلاَحٌ لَّهُمْ خَيْرٌ وَإِنْ تُخَالِطُوهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ وَاللّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْمُفْسِدَ مِنَ الْمُصْلِحِ وَلَوْ شَاء اللّهُ لأعْنَتَكُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ ﴿220﴾
and do not marry the idolatresses until they believe, and certainly a believing maid is better than an idolatress woman, even though she should please you; and do not give (believing women) in marriage to idolaters until they believe, and certainly a believing servant is better than an idolater, even though he should please you; these invite to the fire, and allah invites to the garden and to forgiveness by his will, and makes clear his communications to men, that they may be mindful (221)		وَلاَ تَنكِحُواْ الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَّ وَلأَمَةٌ مُّؤْمِنَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِّن مُّشْرِكَةٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ وَلاَ تُنكِحُواْ الْمُشِرِكِينَ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنُواْ وَلَعَبْدٌ مُّؤْمِنٌ خَيْرٌ مِّن مُّشْرِكٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَكُمْ أُوْلَئِكَ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النَّارِ وَاللّهُ يَدْعُوَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَالْمَغْفِرَةِ بِإِذْنِهِ وَيُبَيِّنُ آيَاتِهِ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ ﴿221﴾
and they ask you about menstruation. say: it is a discomfort; therefore keep aloof from the women during the menstrual discharge and do not go near them until they have become clean; then when they have cleansed themselves, go in to them as allah has commanded you; surely allah loves those who turn much (to him), and he loves those who purify themselves (222)		وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْمَحِيضِ قُلْ هُوَ أَذًى فَاعْتَزِلُواْ النِّسَاء فِي الْمَحِيضِ وَلاَ تَقْرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّىَ يَطْهُرْنَ فَإِذَا تَطَهَّرْنَ فَأْتُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَكُمُ اللّهُ إِنَّ اللّهَ يُحِبُّ التَّوَّابِينَ وَيُحِبُّ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ ﴿222﴾
your wives are a tilth for you, so go into your tilth when you like, and do good beforehand for yourselves, and be careful (of your duty) to allah, and know that you will meet him, and give good news to the believers (223)		نِسَآؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَّكُمْ فَأْتُواْ حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّى شِئْتُمْ وَقَدِّمُواْ لأَنفُسِكُمْ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّكُم مُّلاَقُوهُ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴿223﴾
and make not allah because of your swearing (by him) an obstacle to your doing good and guarding (against evil) and making peace between men, and allah is hearing, knowing (224)		وَلاَ تَجْعَلُواْ اللّهَ عُرْضَةً لِّأَيْمَانِكُمْ أَن تَبَرُّواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ وَتُصْلِحُواْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَاللّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ﴿224﴾
allah does not call you to account for what is vain in your oaths, but he will call you to account for what your hearts have earned, and allah is forgiving, forbearing (225)		لاَّ يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِيَ أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَلَكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا كَسَبَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ وَاللّهُ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ ﴿225﴾
those who swear that they will not go in to their wives should wait four months; so if they go back, then allah is surely forgiving, merciful (226)		لِّلَّذِينَ يُؤْلُونَ مِن نِّسَآئِهِمْ تَرَبُّصُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَإِنْ فَآؤُوا فَإِنَّ اللّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ﴿226﴾
and if they have resolved on a divorce, then allah is surely hearing, knowing (227)		وَإِنْ عَزَمُواْ الطَّلاَقَ فَإِنَّ اللّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ﴿227﴾
and the divorced women should keep themselves in waiting for three courses; and it is not lawful for them that they should conceal what allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in allah and the last day; and their husbands have a better right to take them back in the meanwhile if they wish for reconciliation; and they have rights similar to those against them in a just manner, and the men are a degree above them, and allah is mighty, wise (228)		وَالْمُطَلَّقَاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاَثَةَ قُرُوَءٍ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَن يَكْتُمْنَ مَا خَلَقَ اللّهُ فِي أَرْحَامِهِنَّ إِن كُنَّ يُؤْمِنَّ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَبُعُولَتُهُنَّ أَحَقُّ بِرَدِّهِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ إِنْ أَرَادُواْ إِصْلاَحًا وَلَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلِلرِّجَالِ عَلَيْهِنَّ دَرَجَةٌ وَاللّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكُيمٌ ﴿228﴾
divorce may be (pronounced) twice, then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness; and it is not lawful for you to take any part of what you have given them, unless both fear that they cannot keep within the limits of allah; then if you fear that they cannot keep within the limits of allah, there is no blame on them for what she gives up to become free thereby. these are the limits of allah, so do not exceed them and whoever exceeds the limits of allah these it is that are the unjust (229)		الطَّلاَقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُواْ مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلاَّ أَن يَخَافَا أَلاَّ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلاَّ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللّهِ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّهِ فَلاَ تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللّهِ فَأُوْلَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ ﴿229﴾
so if he divorces her she shall not be lawful to him afterwards until she marries another husband; then if he divorces her there is no blame on them both if they return to each other (by marriage), if they think that they can keep within the limits of allah, and these are the limits of allah which he makes clear for a people who know (230)		فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِن بَعْدُ حَتَّىَ تَنكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَن يَتَرَاجَعَا إِن ظَنَّا أَن يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللّهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّهِ يُبَيِّنُهَا لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿230﴾
and when you divorce women and they reach their prescribed time, then either retain them in good fellowship or set them free with liberality, and do not retain them for injury, so that you exceed the limits, and whoever does this, he indeed is unjust to his own soul; and do not take allah's communications for a mockery, and remember the favor of allah upon you, and that which he has revealed to you of the book and the wisdom, admonishing you thereby; and be careful (of your duty to) allah, and know that allah is the knower of all things (231)		وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النَّسَاء فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَلاَ تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرَارًا لَّتَعْتَدُواْ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُ وَلاَ تَتَّخِذُوَاْ آيَاتِ اللّهِ هُزُوًا وَاذْكُرُواْ نِعْمَتَ اللّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ﴿231﴾
and when you have divorced women and they have ended-- their term (of waiting), then do not prevent them from marrying their husbands when they agree among themselves in a lawful manner; with this is admonished he among you who believes in allah and the last day, this is more profitable and purer for you; and allah knows while you do not know (232)		وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاء فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَن يَنكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَاضَوْاْ بَيْنَهُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ذَلِكَ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ ذَلِكُمْ أَزْكَى لَكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ وَاللّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿232﴾
and the mothers should suckle their children for two whole years for him who desires to make complete the time of suckling; and their maintenance and their clothing must be-- borne by the father according to usage; no soul shall have imposed upon it a duty but to the extent of its capacity; neither shall a mother be made to suffer harm on account of her child, nor a father on account of his child, and a similar duty (devolves) on the (father's) heir, but if both desire weaning by mutual consent and counsel, there is no blame on them, and if you wish to engage a wet-nurse for your children, there is no blame on you so long as you pay what you promised for according to usage; and be careful of (your duty to) allah and know that allah sees what you do (233)		وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلاَدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ وَعلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ لاَ تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لاَ تُضَآرَّ وَالِدَةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا وَلاَ مَوْلُودٌ لَّهُ بِوَلَدِهِ وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالاً عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمْ أَن تَسْتَرْضِعُواْ أَوْلاَدَكُمْ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُم مَّآ آتَيْتُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ ﴿233﴾
and (as for) those of you who die and leave wives behind, they should keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten days; then when they have fully attained their term, there is no blame on you for what they do for themselves in a lawful manner; and allah is aware of what you do (234)		وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنفُسِهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَاللّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ ﴿234﴾
and there is no blame on you respecting that which you speak indirectly in the asking of (such) women in marriage or keep (the proposal) concealed within your minds; allah knows that you win mention them, but do not give them a promise in secret unless you speak in a lawful manner, and do not confirm the marriage tie until the writing is fulfilled, and know that allah knows what is in your minds, therefore beware of him, and know that allah is forgiving, forbearing (235)		وَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا عَرَّضْتُم بِهِ مِنْ خِطْبَةِ النِّسَاء أَوْ أَكْنَنتُمْ فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ عَلِمَ اللّهُ أَنَّكُمْ سَتَذْكُرُونَهُنَّ وَلَكِن لاَّ تُوَاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلاَّ أَن تَقُولُواْ قَوْلاً مَّعْرُوفًا وَلاَ تَعْزِمُواْ عُقْدَةَ النِّكَاحِ حَتَّىَ يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ ﴿235﴾
there is no blame on you if you divorce women when you have not touched them or appointed for them a portion, and make provision for them, the wealthy according to his means and the straitened in circumstances according to his means, a provision according to usage; (this is) a duty on the doers of good (to others) (236)		لاَّ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاء مَا لَمْ تَمَسُّوهُنُّ أَوْ تَفْرِضُواْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ وَعَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدْرُهُ مَتَاعًا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ ﴿236﴾
and if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have appointed for them a portion, then (pay to them) ha!f of what you have appointed, unless they relinquish or he should relinquish in whose hand is the marriage tie; and it is nearer to righteousness that you should relinquish; and do not neglect the giving of free gifts between you; surely allah sees what you do (237)		وَإِن طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ إَلاَّ أَن يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ وَأَن تَعْفُواْ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَى وَلاَ تَنسَوُاْ الْفَضْلَ بَيْنَكُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ ﴿237﴾
attend constantly to prayers and to the middle prayer and stand up truly obedient to allah (238)		حَافِظُواْ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ والصَّلاَةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُواْ لِلّهِ قَانِتِينَ ﴿238﴾
but if you are in danger, then (say your prayers) on foot or on horseback; and when you are secure, then remember allah, as. he has taught you what you did not know (239)		فَإنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجَالاً أَوْ رُكْبَانًا فَإِذَا أَمِنتُمْ فَاذْكُرُواْ اللّهَ كَمَا عَلَّمَكُم مَّا لَمْ تَكُونُواْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿239﴾
and those of you who die and leave wives behind, (make) a bequest in favor of their wives of maintenance for a year without turning (them) out, then if they themselves go away, there is no blame on you for what they do of lawful deeds by themselves, and allah is mighty, wise (240)		وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِّأَزْوَاجِهِم مَّتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي مَا فَعَلْنَ فِيَ أَنفُسِهِنَّ مِن مَّعْرُوفٍ وَاللّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ ﴿240﴾
and for the divorced women (too) provision (must be made) according to usage; (this is) a duty on those who guard (against evil) (241)		وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ ﴿241﴾
allah thus makes clear to you his communications that you may understand (242)		كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللّهُ لَكُمْ آيَاتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ ﴿242﴾
have you not considered those who went forth from their homes, for fear of death, and they were thousands, then allah said to them, die; again he gave them life; most surely allah is gracious to people, but most people are not grateful (243)		أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُواْ مِن دِيَارِهِمْ وَهُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ اللّهُ مُوتُواْ ثُمَّ أَحْيَاهُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لاَ يَشْكُرُونَ ﴿243﴾
and fight in the way of allah, and know that allah is hearing, knowing (244)		وَقَاتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ﴿244﴾
who is it that will offer of allah a goodly gift, so he will multiply it to him manifold, and allah straitens and amplifies, and you shall be returned to him (245)		مَّن ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً وَاللّهُ يَقْبِضُ وَيَبْسُطُ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ ﴿245﴾
have you not considered the chiefs of the children of israel after musa, when they said to a prophet of theirs: raise up for us a king, (that) we may fight in the way of allah. he said: may it not be that you would not fight if fighting is ordained for you? they said: and what reason have we that we should not fight in the way of allah, and we have indeed been compelled to abandon our homes and our children. but when fighting was ordained for them, they turned back, except a few of them, and allah knows the unjust (246)		أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلإِ مِن بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِن بَعْدِ مُوسَى إِذْ قَالُواْ لِنَبِيٍّ لَّهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنَا مَلِكًا نُّقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ قَالَ هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِن كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ أَلاَّ تُقَاتِلُواْ قَالُواْ وَمَا لَنَا أَلاَّ نُقَاتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِن دِيَارِنَا وَأَبْنَآئِنَا فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوْاْ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً مِّنْهُمْ وَاللّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ ﴿246﴾
and their prophet said to them: surely allah has raised talut to be a king over you. they said: how can he hold kingship over us while we have a greater right to kingship than he, and he has not been granted an abundance of wealth? he said: surely allah has chosen him in preference to you, and he has increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique, and allah grants his kingdom to whom he pleases, and allah is amplegiving, knowing (247)		وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طَالُوتَ مَلِكًا قَالُوَاْ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِّنَ الْمَالِ قَالَ إِنَّ اللّهَ اصْطَفَاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَزَادَهُ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالْجِسْمِ وَاللّهُ يُؤْتِي مُلْكَهُ مَن يَشَاء وَاللّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ ﴿247﴾
and the prophet said to them: surely the sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest in which there is tranquillity from your lord and residue of the relics of what the children of musa and the children of haroun have left, the angels bearing it; most surely there is a sign in this for those who believe (248)		وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نِبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَن يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَبَقِيَّةٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسَى وَآلُ هَارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلآئِكَةُ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَةً لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ ﴿248﴾
so when talut departed with the forces, he said: surely allah will try you with a river; whoever then drinks from it, he is not of me, and whoever does not taste of it, he is surely of me, except he who takes with his hand as much of it as fills the hand; but with the exception of a few of them they drank from it. so when he had crossed it, he and those who believed with him, they said: we have today no power against jalut and his forces. those who were sure that they would meet their lord said: how often has a small party vanquished a numerous host by allah's permission, and allah is with the patient (249)		فَلَمَّا فَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ قَالَ إِنَّ اللّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُم بِنَهَرٍ فَمَن شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَمَن لَّمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي إِلاَّ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ فَشَرِبُواْ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً مِّنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهُ هُوَ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ مَعَهُ قَالُواْ لاَ طَاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجَالُوتَ وَجُنودِهِ قَالَ الَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُم مُّلاَقُو اللّهِ كَم مِّن فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللّهِ وَاللّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ ﴿249﴾
and when they went out against jalut and his forces they said: our lord, pour down upon us patience, and make our steps firm and assist us against the unbelieving people (250)		وَلَمَّا بَرَزُواْ لِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِ قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَثَبِّتْ أَقْدَامَنَا وَانصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ ﴿250﴾

قران از منظر امام  رضا (ع)

گناه، حجاب شهود

همان گونه که گناه و پليدي و چرک و آلودگي و امثال آن عناويني که در زبان ثقلين آمده است، از تأمل و انديشه در نظام خلقت و تفکر در آيات تکويني منع مي کند، همچنين انسان را از تدبر در محتواي آيات تدويني (قرآن) و استنباط از آن باز مي دارد. حضرت رضا(ع) در پاسخ کسي که پرسيد: چرا خداوند سبحان محجوب و مخفي است؟ چنين فرمود: پوشيده بودن از خلق به سبب کثرت گناهان آنان است، ولي او در هيچ لحظه اي از شب و روز چيزي بر او پوشيده نيست؛ «ان الاحتجاب عن الخلق لکثره ذنوبهم، فاما هو فلا يخفي عليه خافيه في آناء الليل و النهار.»[i][1]

بدين معنا که گناه براي بعضي حجاب مشاهده فکري و براي بعضي ديگر حجاب شهود قلبي است. زيرا فطرتي که خداوند، مردم را بر اساس آن آفريد، حق را مي بيند و آن را به ديگران نشان مي دهد، ولي گناه چون غباري بر آن آينه صاف فطرت است؛ به گونه اي که از سويي حجاب شناخت فطري است و از سوي ديگر مانع شناخت فکري و از سوي سوم مانع شناخت شهودي کامل مي شود. از اين رو در مباحث گوناگون، گناه را مانع و پرده دانستن کاملاً صحيح است.

شايد ميان جهل و گناه اين تفاوت باشد که جهل مانع شناخت است و گناه مانع اعتراف؛ جهل پرده تعليم و يادگيري است و گناه پرده تزکيه و پاکسازي؛ جهل در قلب را به روي حکمت مي بندد و گناه در آن را به روي موعظه قفل کرده، آن را به غفلت فرا مي خواند.

سخن حضرت رضا(ع) به اين مطلب اشاره دارد: ليکن مردم شوريده عقل گرديدند و از آنجا که نمي دانستند، نسبت به حق کر و کور شدند؛ و لکن القوم تا هو و عموا و صموا عن الحق من حيث لايعلمون؛ و اين است فرموده خداي بزرگ: «و من کان في هذه أعمي فهو في الاخره أعمي و أضل سبيلا.»[ii][2] يعني نسبت به حقايق موجود نابيناست؛ و ذلک قوله عزوجل: «و من کان في هذه...» يعني أعمي عن الحقايق الموجوده...

مردم در اين زمينه اختلاف داشتند، به گونه اي که متحير و سرگردان شدند و براي نجات از تاريکي به تاريکي پناه آوردند؛ بدين گونه که خداوند را با صفات خودشان وصف کردند و بيش از پيش از حق دور شدند، ولي اگر خداي بزرگ را به صفات ويژه خودش و مخلوقات را به صفات خودشان مي ستودند، قطعاً با فهم بيش تر و يقين فزون تر سخن مي گفتند و اختلاف پديد نمي آمد، ولي چون اسباب سرگرداني خود را خواستند، درمانده شدند، با آن که خداوند هرکه را بخواهد به راه راست هدايت مي کند؛ «و انما خلقت الناس في هذا الباب حتي تا هوا و تحيروا و طلبوا الخلاص من الظلمه بالظلمه في وصفهم الله بصفه أنفسهم، فازدادوا من الحق بعداً؛ و لو وصفوا الله عزوجل بصفاته و وصفوا المخلوقين بصفاتهم لنالوا بالفهم و اليقين و لما اختلفوا، فلما طلبوا من ذلک ما تحيروا فيه ارتبکوا و الله يهدي من يشاء الي صراط مستقيم.»[iii][3]

از اين بيان شريف حضرت بر مي آيد: چنان که گوش و چشم و حواس ظاهري دچار نابينايي و ناشنوايي و تحير مي گردند، قلب و بصيرت و ديگر مشاعر باطني نيز گرفتار اين عوارض مي شوند و ناداني به تحير و دوري از حق در شناخت خداوند مي انجامد؛ خداوندي که موجود مطلق و به دنيا و آخرت محيط است و بي مانند فاقد شريک و نيز بدون دومي است؛ بدين معنا که او را استواري داده، ياري اش رساند و نگهداري اش کند. چون جهان هستي نيازمند کسي است که آن را استوار سازد و نگه دارد، ولي آفريدگار غني محض هيچ نيازي ندارد.

از محتواي فرمايش حضرت رضا(ع) و قرآن استفاده مي شود که نزول برکات عيني و علمي در گرو تقوا و خالص ساختن عمل براي خداوند است و با گناه و روبرگرداندن از ذکر و ياد خدا، برکات نيست مي شود. پس، همان گونه که تقوا شرط باز شدن درهاي رزق عيني است؛ «و لو ان اهل القري امنوا و اتقوا لفتحنا عليهم برکات من السماء و الارض و لکن کذبوا فأخذناهم بما کانوا يکسبون.»[iv][4] شرط گشوده شدن درهاي رزق علمي نيز است؛ «ان تتقوا يجعل لکم فرقانا...»[v][5]

نيز تکذيب و طغيان، مانع باز شدن درهاي رزق عيني است؛ «و لکن کذبوا فأخذناهم بما کانوا يکسبون.»[vi][6] همچنين مانع باز شدن درهاي رزق علمي است که مهمترين و سودمندترين آن شناخت قرآن است؛ «سأصرف عن آياتي الذين يتکبرون في الارض بغير الحق و ان يروا کل ايه لا يؤمنوا بها و ان يروا سبيل الرشد لايتخذوه سبيلاً و ان يروا سبيل الغي يتخذوه سبيلا ذلک بانهم کذبوا باياتنا و کانوا عنها غافلين.»[vii][7] و «صرف الله قلوبهم بانهم قوم لايفقهون.»[viii][8]

اين همان قفل قلب است که مانع تدبر در قرآن مي شود. حضرت رضا(ع) براي بيان اين که منصب امامت از طريق نصب و تعيين است، نه از روي اختيار و وکالت به اين فرموده خداوند استدلال مي فرمايند: «افلا يتدبرون القران أم علي قلوب أقفالها.» زيرا ظهور آيه در اين است که قلب داراي قفلي است که از درک حق و شناخت قرآن جلوگيري مي کند.

شايد از اين آيه کريمه نيز چنين استفاده شود که محروميت از رزق علمي مربوط به قفل و بستگي قلب است، نه اين که در رحمت الهي بسته باشد. چون اين در همواره باز است و هميشه فيض علمي چون فيض عيني از آن فرود مي آيد.

پس تفاوت از ناحيه گيرنده فيض است، نه فيض رسان. زيرا خداوند دائم الفيض بر مردمان است؛ هرچند گناهکار قلب بسته از آن محروم است. چنين گناهکاري به ميزان علمي خود شادمان است و گمان مي برد که درست عمل مي کند، ولي در حقيقت در حجابي به سر مي برد که از آن بي خبر است و اين حجاب با سوء اختیار خود دریافت کننده فیض پدید آمده است